Method of marking rubber hose.



O. D. GARRETSON. METHOD OF MARKING RUBBER HOSE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 20. 1910.

Patented June 20, 1911.

2 SHBETS-SHBET 1.

N N am N. 9m m mm mm w IN VE N TOR A TTORNEY C. D. GARRBTSON. METHOD OF MARKING RUBBER HOSE. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 20,1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A TTORNEY Patented June 20, 1911.

4o vention; Fig. 2 is a view showing a ninrrnn snares earner enrich.

CORNELIUS D. GARRETSON, F WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, ASSIGNOR TO ELECTRIC .HOSE AND RUBBER COMPANY, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

eesgree.

' METHOD OFMARKING RUBBER Hosn.

Specification of Letters Patent. I Pamgntgd J @1119 2Q, 1911,

Application filed. August 20, 1910. Serial No. 578,143.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CORNELIUS D. GARRET- soN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Wilmington, in the county of Newcastle,

5. State of Delaware, have invented a new and useful Method of Marking Rubber Hose, of

which-the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a method of marking rubber hose during the course of its manufacture without increasing to a substantial degree the cost of the manufactur- -ing of the .hose.

The specific object of my invention is to cause the marking of the rubber hose during its manufacture to"indicate the length in feet or other denominations of the hose manufactured. Such lengths may vary from a few feet to'several hundred feet. In order that the principles of my invention may be comprehended and the manner of practicing the same understood by those skilled in the art to which it relates, I have illustrated and will describe hereinafter the means employed by me for the practicing of and carrying out the method which I have invented for marking hose during the process of its manufacture.

In the drawings 1 have indicated two ways or means by which the marking of hose, in accordance withmy invention, may

be effected, but it is to be understood that my invention is capable of being practiced by other means than that disclosed and that my invention is not limited to the specific means illustrated by me for the purpose-of explaining my invention.

In the drawings,-Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a port-ion of the apparatus employed in the practice of m' inetail of construction of, the apparatus shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a side elevation, with a portion broken away, of a vulcanizing chamber showing hose inclosed' in its casing in position to be vulcanized; Fig. 4 is a transverse section of hose, a marking means in contact with the hose and a casing surroundlng the hose and marking means,water be1ngindicated within the hose; Fig. 5 is a View of a portion of hose showing the casing in the act of being removed and also showing the marking means in contact withthe hose; Fig. 6 is a plan View of a portion of tape 7 is a View of a portion of finished hose showing the number thereon indicating the length of the hose; Fig. 8 is a view of a modified construction of means for marking of hose'showing the marking thereon by the means shown in Fig. 8 to indicate the length of the hose.

Before proceeding with a discussion in detail of the method constituting my invention and the mechanism employed by me for the practicing of the same, I desire to call attention to the fact that, except for the addition of the means for marking hose, the

tially the same as the machine illustrated in United States Letters-Patent to Henry B. Cobb, No. 558,257, dated April 14, 1896. For a full and complete description of the said machine reference ma be had to the drawings and the specifications of said patent.. It will be noted, however, that there are some variations in details of construction, butsuch variations are not of such difference as to render a description in full of the machine necessary.

Referring now to the drawings, 1 designates the support for the block 2 having the die chamberfi therein. Supported upon the block 2 is a block 4 having a molten metal (preferably lead) receiving chamber 5.

6 designates an opening or passage way from the molten lead receiving chamber 5 into the die chamber 3. The molten lead is poured from a melting furnace, not, shown, into the top of the chamber 5.

and to the base 1" by means of bolts 7.

10 designates a sleeve having an eccenthicker side of the said-sleeve being located at the lower side of the die chamber 3. The

machine illustrated in Fi 1- is substan-- trically located opening 11 therein, the.

having .a marking die secured thereto; Fig.

the hose; and Fig. 9 is a view 'of a portion The blocks 2 and 4 are secured together I sleeve is secured in the die chamber by means of a screw-threaded connection at 12 therewith as is clearly shown.

13 designates the male member of a die 5 which is located in the opening 11 in the sleeve 10. The die member 13 is held in position by means of a plug or-block l4 havinga screw threaded connection with the interior of the. sleeve was indicated at 15. The die member 13 is provided with an axial 0 ening 16 in alinement with the opening 17 in the block 14.

The inner end of the sleeve 10 is beveled or inclined at an angle of about 45 degrees as indicated at 20 and forms substantially a continuation, at a different angle of inclina- 1 tion, of one side or portion of the inclined wall of the opening or passage way 6. The inclined end 20 of the sleeve 10 forms a shoulder surrounding the die member 13. It will be observed that the inner reduced end portion of the die member 13 is surrounded by a portion of the die chamber 3 and. that.it projects centrally of and in proximity to the surrounding walls of the opening of the female die-member 21 which is mounted in a sleeve 22 supported in an opening 23 in the block 2. The sleeve 22 and the die member 21 are secured and held in position by means of the plug 24 which has screw-threaded connection with the opening 25 in the block 2. The plug 24 is provided with an opening 26, the diameter ofvwhich is considerably greater than that of the female die member 21.

' The molten lead is forced from the lead receiving chamber 5 by means of a hydraulic piston 27 (the means for operating said piston not being shown) and as it is forced between the adjacent portions of the die members 13 and 21 is formed into a tube 28 as is fully described in the Letters Patent to Cobb, mentioned above. I

Owing to the provision of the inclined wall 20, the discharge of lead from the lead chamber under the pressure-of the hydraulic piston to which it is subjected meets with such comparatively little impedimentor' resistance that it forms and ejects the tubing with a speed so great as to preclude the cooling of the lead sufficiently to cause it to set as it is formed into the tube. To overcome this ditficulty, means, such as is shown in the Letters Patent to Cobb, No. 558,257, is provided for cooling the female die to cause it to chill the lead as the tube is formed, and which may be described as follows: A groove 30 around annular sleeve 22 is provided to which is supplied, from asource not shown, cold water or other fluid cooling means which passes from thesaid groove 7 through the passage ways 31 into contact not only with the female die member 21 but also into direct contact with the lead tube as 7 it leaves the said die member. Also it will upon uprights or standards 41.

be understood that the contact of the cold water with the annular sleeve 22 causes. a cooling of the said sleeve which cooling effect is, by conduction,- transferred to the female die member 21. Any other suitable means may be employed for cooling the tube. The formation o fthe tubing in the manner stated causes a progressive forward movement of the same.

For the purpose of maintaining the lead in the die chamber 3 in a molten condition, I have provided passage ways 32 through the block 2 to which is supplied steam or otherheated fluid. I have also provided means for maintaining the lead in the chamber 5 in molten condition which consists of passage ways 33, two only of which are shown in the drawings, to which is supplied steam or other heated fluid. The arrangement of the passage ways 32 and 33 is not shown in detail because a description of the same is to be found in the Letters Patent to Cobb aforesaid. I

In Fig. 1 of the drawings I have illustrated a portion of soft rubber hose 35 and a tape or other form of carrier 36 of suitable material, preferably asbestos fabric, which extends through the openings 16 and 17, through the die member 21 and through the enlarged opening in the plug 24,said hose and tape extending inside of the leaden tube 28. Although I prefer to use a carrier consisting of a tape of asbestos fabric such carbe in the form of a flat tape but may consist of a metal wire or-a metal band.

The tape in the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 7 is provided at intervals, preferably of one foot, with thin plates of metal or other suitable material 37 having depressed figures and letters formed therein in reverse as is indicated in Fig. 6. The

lates 37 and their carrying tape are placed 1n contact with the hose as it enters the tube forming machine illustrated in Fig. 1. The tape or other form of carrier is mounted upon a drum or spool 40 revolubly mounted Its supporting axle or pivot is provided with a crank 42 by means of which it may be revolved if desired. The tape, as is indicated, is wound upon the spool 40 and after leaving the same extends partially around and under a guide roller 43 which is located in position above the hose' as it is directed to the pipe forming machine shown in Fig. 1. The hose and the uprights and standards 41 are supportedupon a platform ortable 44. In order that hose of different sizes maybe passed underneath the guide roller 43, the latter is adjustably supported in the manner indicated in Fig. 2 of the drawings in which, 45 designates a bearing in which the axle or v10o practicable to use and need not necessarily pivot of the roller 43 is journz led. The bearings are supported upon bolts 46 which operating upon and forming a solid metalliccasing around hose of different sizes or cross sectional areas.

In themanufacture of the hose alternate layers of rubber and 'woven'fabric are employed in the usual manner, after which. the hose of whatever length it may be is filled with water or other fluid such as air under pressure suflicient to maintain the hose in circular shape in cross section. The opposite ends of the hose being closed, the hose is supported in a suitablemanner and one end portion thereof is placed under the roller (3; and the said end portion together with the end portion of the tape carrying and the marking means which means is carried at intervals upon the said tape is inserted into the die members 15 and 21, after which the hydraulic piston 27 is operated to force the molten lead from the chamber 5 through the die chamber 3 and out 'ardly around the die member 13 and through the female die member 21 to form the tube 28 around the hose and around the tape and the markingmeans which is in contact therewith. The formation of and the presence of the casing around the hose and the tape in contact therewith holds the tape in definiterelation to the hose; and the pressure of the casing issufiicient also to cause progressive forward movement of the hose and the tape with the said casing.

From the machine illustrated in Fig. 1

the hose and its casing are carried to and wound upon a drum, the water or other fluid pressure therein being in a known manner maintained, one of said drums being shown in Fig. '3. It is also to be noted here that when a tape 36 of woven fabric is employed the weave thereof preferably though not. necessarily should be the same as that of the fabric comprised in the hose structure, for the-reason that it is desirable that in the vulcanization process when the leaden casing and the inclosed hose and tape are subjected to heat and pressure and tape and the fabric entering into the hose structure should expand and contract in the same ratio or degree.

As already stated, after passing from the machine illustrated in Fig. 1, the leaden casing together with the inclosed hose and tape are wound upon a drum. Afterward the pressure upon the water or other fluid within the hose, and hose and the tape remaining within the casing, is increased as may be desired, say two hundred to three hundred pounds; the ends of the hose being thereafter securely closed so as to maintain such pressure.

In theprocess of vulcanization the hose and the tape within the leaden casing, preferably upon a drum 50 as indicated in Fig. 3, are placed within the vulcanizing chamber Steam is supplied to the chamber through a pipe 52 at such temperature as may be necessaryto cause a complete vulcanization of the hose. After the vulcanization is complete the steam is allowed to escape from the vulcanization chamber through a port or opening in a known man ner located preferably atthe bottom of the said chamber. My invention does not involve a change in the method of vulcanization and, therefore, Ishall not enter into a further description of the same. f

The conversion of the water in the hose into steam due to the high temperature of the steam admitted to the vulcanizing chamber 51 is prevented by reason of the fact that it is surrounded by the metal casing or tube 28 which resists the expansion of the water and maintains it in a liquid state. The tendency of the water toexpand exerts great pressure upon the hose from with in against the interior of the casing or tubing 28 and against the tape 36 and plates 37 and causes the tape and said plates to become embedded in the surface of the hose and also causes the material of the hose to project into the depressions formed in the metallic plates with the result that in the completed hose the letters and figures which are in reverse upon the marking plate or other means are reproduced in upright or positive position upon the hose as shown in Fig. 7. If air instead of water is used in the hose the application of heat during the process of vulcanization causes a greatly increased internal pressure with the same result as in the case where water is used.

If the letters upon the plate are formed by the depressions of the material thereof, the letters upon the hose will project-above the surrounding surface of the hose. On the other hand, if the letters and figures upon the marking plate or other means are raised, the letters and figures upon the hose will be depressed. After the vulcanization of the hose the lead casing is split by any suitable mechanism upon opposite sides and is removed in the manner indicated in Fig. 5; after which the tape 36 carrying the marking means 37 may be separated from the hose. After separation of the tape from'the hose, the markings to indicate the number of feet or other denominations of length in the hose will be indicated in themanner shown in Fig. 7 m which the letters and figures 15 Ft. and 21 Ft. will consist of portions of the material of the hose extended above the surrounding surface.

letters is depressed below the remaining portion of the surface of the hose a distance equal to the combined thickness of a plate 37 andv the tape 36. r

In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown a modifica tion of the method of producing the markings upon the hose whichconsists of a tape of suitable material such as paper or other fabric which is provided at intervals with figures and letters as indicated at 60 in reverse, which letters consist of a substance which is adapted to be transferred from the tape of paper or other suitable material to the hose under the influence ofthe heat and pressure to which the hose is subjected during vulcanization. The letters and numerals thus placed upon hose to indicate its length are shown in Fig. 9. When the letters are so placed upon the hose, the surface of the hose is not interrupted by the letters,

but is continuous, the'coloring matter constituting the letters being combined with and entering into the substance of the hose.

Having thus described my invention, I claim I l. The method of marking rubber hose with insignia thereon in feet or other denominations, during its manufacture, to indicatethe length of the same, which. consists in'placing a device carrying marking means at required intervals thereon contact with the hose, placing a casing around the hose to hold the latter and the said device .and the marking means thereon in contact with each other, exerting pressure upon the said hose from within and simultaneously applying heat to said hose to cause vulcanization.

2. The method of marking rubber hose which consists in placing against the hose prior to its vulcanization markingmeans at intervals, the said marking means being carried upon a continuous member, confining the hose and the marking means within an inclosure, placing an expansible fluid within the hose under pressure and sub ectmg gether, in chilling the fluid tocform a solid casing about the marking means and core and in impressing the marking means upon the hose by the action of heat. I

4. The'method of continuously-marking a It should be stated that the surface surrounding the rubber hose, which consists in supplyingthe soft rubber hose with a fluid core, in applying to its surface a series of connected marking means, in surrounding the hose and marking means by a fluid, in placing the fluid under pressure to cause progressive feeding of the hose and marking means together, in chilling the fluid to form a solid casing about the marking means and core and thereafter in applying heat to the hose, marking means andcasing to vulcanize the rubber at the sametime that the markingmeans is impressed upon the rubber by the combined action of heat and-pressure.

5. The method of continuously marking a rubber hose which consists in supplying the soft rubber hose with a fluid core, 1n applying to its surface a series of connected marking means, in surrounding the hose and marking means by a fluid, in placing the fluid under pressure to cause progressive feeding of the hose and marking means together, in chilling the fluid to form a solid casing about the marking means and core and in pressing the rubber hose outwardly against the marking means and solid casing by means of the fluid core of the hose to impress the marking means upon the hose.

6. The method of continuously marking a 7 rubber hose which consists in supplying the soft rubber hose with a fluid core, in apply- I ing to its surface a series of connected mark ing means, in surrounding the hose and marking means with fluid, in placingthe fluid under pressure to cause progressive 109v feeding of the hose and marking means together, in chilling the fluid to form a solid casing about the marking means and core and in heating the fluid core to impress the marking means upon the hose. j I

7. The method of marking a rubber hose during its manufacture with marks to indicate its length which'consists in forming the hose in asoft state, in providing it with a fluid core, in placing the said hose in a cas- 110 ing with marking means at-intervals therein for forming marks upon the hoseto indicate its length, and in causing the. formationon said hose of the saidanarks on said i marking means by the action of pressure and rendering the marks on the hose permanent by the application of heat.

8. The method of marking hose during its manufacture which consists in placing a casing about the hose at the same time that a device carryingmarki-ng means located at intervals thereon is placed betweenthe hose and the casing andin impressing the; marking means upon the hose by pressure fromwithin against the casing.

9. The method of marking hose during its manufacture. which" consists in placing a connected series of ,marking means against the surface of the same and in surrounding the hose and marking means before vulcaniza- 139 tionof the former with a casing and in compressing the hose upon the marking means against the casing by pressurefrom within.

10. The method of marking rubber hose during its manufacture which consists in filling the hose with water before its vul-' canization, in supplying marking means continuously exteriorly of and in cont-act-- with the hose, in surrounding the hose and marking means by a metallic casing and in impressing the marking means upon the hose by the action of heat.

11. The method of marking rubber hose during its manufacture which consists. in

filling the hose with a fluid before its vul canization, in supplyingthe marking means continuously exteriorly of and in contact.

with the hose, in surrounding the hose and marking means with a molten metallic casmg, in solidifying the casing thereon and in impressing the marking means upon the hose the action of heat and pressure.

.lQ F'The method of marking hose during its 'manufacture which consists in forming the hose, in filling it with a fluid, in placing a series of marking means against its surface mount ed upon a continuous carrier 'Which carrier hasthe same degree of ex- Y pansibilityand contraction as the fabric '30 comprised in the hose structure, in forming a metalllc casing around the sald hose and said. carrier and in subsequently impressing the marking means upon the hose by means of pressure exerted from within by said marking means upon the hose by the action of pressure from within exerted by the said fluid 14. The methodof- 'which consists in placing marking means upon a support at intervals, placing the support and marking means in proximity to the hose before vulcanization, surrounding the hose and support with a casing and causing distension o the hose to press the marking. means against the casing by pressure from within.

15. The method of marking hose at intervals to indicate its length which consists in forming a metal casing around the said hose andsimultaneously placing within the said casing and between the'said hose marking manufacturing hose means separate and independent from the said casing, in applying pressure to the said hose from within to cause it to press against the said marking means and the interior surface of the said casing and applying heat to the said hose, marking means and casing whereby a permanent impression from the marking means upon the hose 7 is effected.

16. The method of marking rubber hose simultaneously. with its manufacture which consistsin supplying the unvulcanized hose and a tape with a marking means thereon at intervals in contact with said hose to a. lead pipe forming machine, forming the pipe about the hose and tape at the same time that they are fed or moved forward by said'pipe and held in fixed relative positionlwith respect to each other thereby and in transferring the markingsfromth e tape 'to the hose while the lead pipe surrounds them and while they are retained in fixed relation to each other by the said pipe.

17. A step in the method of forming hose which consists in applying to the surface thereof a tape of fabric having the same ratio or degree of expansion and contraction under tension as the hose structure,' mounting on the said tape at intervals marking means and sunrounding the hose, tape and marking means with a casing at the same time that the hose and tape are fed forward.

18. A step in the method of making hose which consists in the'continuous application thereto of a support for marking means and the marking means on said support and at the same time surrounding the said hose, support and marking means by a rigid casing.

19. A step in the method of making hose sameratio or degree of expansion and contraction under tension when subjected to heat as the hose structure, applying marking means at intervals thereon, placing the tape in contact with the exterior of the hose before vulcanization and surrounding the hose I and tape with a rigid casing.

20. The method of marking rubber hose during its manufacture which consists in .'placing a tape of suitable material in contact with the said hose before vulcanization,

"thesaid tape having thereon at intervals markingindicia of a substance capable of being transferred from the tape to the hose by the action of heat and pressure, in placing a metallic casing about the said hose and tape, applying pressure interiorly of.

the said hose to causeexpansion thereof against the said tape and againstthe interior of the said casing and in subjecting the said casing to the action of heat.

which consists in selecting a tape having the I 21. The method of marking a rubber hose 7 during its manufacture to indicate its'length which consists forming the hose 1n a-s'offt state and providing it with a core, in plac- In testimony that I claim the foregoing as ing said hose and core in a casing with means my invention, I have hereunto signed my at intervals therein for marking the said name this 19th day of August, A. D. 1910. 10

hose at corresponding intervals with char- CORNELIUS D. GARRETSON. 5 acters indicating its length, and in render- In the presence ofa ing the marks on the hose permanent bythe CYRUS N. ANDERSON,

application of heat. IRVIN SHUPP, Jr. 

